29 January 2010
sdgibson
American literature
This PDF contains a transcription of Winthrop, Hutchingson, Dudley, and others at her trial.
28 January 2010
sdgibson
American literature
John Smith, William Bradford, and John Winthrop are often the focus of attention, but the English (in many varieties) alone started fourteen colonies in about 115 years. This chart briefly describes them. Other European nations, of course, started many colonies as well.
24 January 2010
sdgibson
Reading as writers
12 January 2010
sdgibson
Writing tools (non-fiction)
|
Logos |
Ethos |
Pathos |
| Definition |
Appeal to reason and logic |
Projection of the speaker or writer’s character or personal authority |
Appeal to emotions and values |
| Case study |
Reasons why you can’t go |
You can’t go because I say so |
Weeping so you won’t go |
|
|
|
|
| Aristotle |
Reason |
Will |
Emotion |
| Wizard of Oz |
Scarecrow |
Lion; Dorothy |
Tinman |
| Star Trek |
Spock |
Kirk |
McKoy |
| Star Trek TNG |
Data |
Picard |
Troi, Worf |
| Simpson’s |
Lisa |
Marge |
Homer, Bart |
| LOTR |
Elrond |
Gandalf |
Gollum |
|
|
|
|
| Evidence |
Statistics, informal logic |
Experts |
Anecdotes |
| Methods |
Scientific method, factual details, unbiased reportage |
Narrative and descriptive details, cases, and examples to back up and support generalizations and demonstrate accuracy |
Narrative and descriptive details calculated to evoke an emotional response |
| Problems and weaknesses |
No “soul” |
Bankrupt personal authority or character |
Suspicions of manipulation |
| Remembering |
Logos, Logic |
“hE can be trusted?” |
Pathos, Passion (an emotion) |
- Jung suggests healthy individual are characterized by a balance of reason, will, and emotion. We are suspicious of people who are stuck in one mode of thought.
- The best thinkers, speakers, and writers move among argumentative strategies, adapting to variations in audience. For example, in “Letter from a Birmingham Jail,” Martin Luther King shifts strategies to speak to different segments of his audience.
- Ethos often mediates between logos and pathos.